A jackknife accident is one of the most dangerous situations involving large trucks like semi-trucks or tractor-trailers. In these accidents, the trailer swings out to form a sharp angle with the cab, creating a shape resembling a folding jackknife. This sudden “V” or “L” shape can cause massive, multi-vehicle crashes, as the truck may block multiple lanes, instantly becoming a major hazard for other drivers. The sheer size and weight of these trucks make jackknife accidents particularly devastating, often leading to severe injuries or fatalities.
At Ernst Law Group, we have extensive experience handling truck accident cases and helping victims pursue justice and compensation. Keep reading for more from our skilled San Luis Obispo truck accident attorneys, then contact us online to schedule a free consultation.
What causes a jackknife accident?
Jackknife accidents occur when a truck’s trailer loses traction and skids, swinging out to form a 90-degree angle with the cab. Key causes include:
- Improper braking: Sudden or incorrect braking, especially on slippery roads, can lock wheels and cause the trailer to skid.
- Speeding: High speeds, especially over 55 mph, increase the risk of jackknifing due to longer stopping distances.
- Hazardous road conditions: Wet or icy roads make it easier for the truck to lose traction, heightening the risk of skidding.
- Equipment malfunction: Faulty brakes or tires increase jackknifing risk, particularly when maintenance lapses occur.
- Distracted driving: A brief distraction can lead to sudden braking, where unprepared drivers may lose control.
- Sharp curves: Curves require controlled speed and braking; taking them too fast can cause the trailer to swing out.
Types of jackknife accidents
Jackknife accidents can occur in two primary ways:
- Trailer jackknife: This happens when the trailer wheels lock up, causing the trailer to swing sideways while the cab continues moving forward.
- Tractor jackknife: Here, the tractor (cab) wheels lock, but the trailer continues moving forward, pushing the cab sideways. Once this motion begins, it’s nearly impossible for the driver to correct.
Both types can cause a truck to roll over or become a roadblock, increasing the risk of secondary collisions.
How to prevent jackknife accidents
Preventing jackknife accidents involves a combined effort between truck drivers, trucking companies, and the use of technology.
Qualified and trained drivers
Truck drivers need comprehensive training on braking techniques, speed control, and handling emergencies. Experienced drivers understand the importance of gradual braking, particularly in hazardous conditions, to reduce the risk of jackknifing.
Regular vehicle maintenance
Trucking companies must adhere to FMCSA regulations, which require routine inspections and maintenance of all truck components, especially brakes and tires. Annual Department of Transportation (DOT) inspections are mandatory to ensure vehicle safety.
Use of anti-jackknife technology
Modern trucks are equipped with advanced safety systems that help prevent jackknifing. Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) prevent the wheels from locking during sudden braking, while electronic stability control (ESC) automatically applies brakes to stabilize the truck if it detects a loss of control.
Who is liable in a jackknife accident?
Liability in a jackknife accident can involve multiple parties:
- Truck driver: May be liable if negligence, such as speeding or improper braking, contributed to the accident. California’s comparative negligence law allows recovery even if the victim shares fault.
- Trucking company: Responsible if inadequate maintenance, poor driver training, or hours-of-service violations played a role.
- Cargo loaders: Liable if improperly loaded cargo caused the trailer to shift, leading to jackknifing.
- Truck or part manufacturers: Can be accountable if a defective part, like brakes, contributed to the accident.
- Government entities: May bear liability if poor road maintenance or lack of warning signs led to unsafe conditions.
Compensation for jackknife accident victims
If you’ve been injured or lost a loved one in a jackknife accident, you may be entitled to various types of compensation, including:
- Medical expenses: Covers hospitalization, surgeries, medication, and ongoing treatment.
- Lost wages: Compensation for income lost due to injury and loss of future earning capacity.
- Pain and suffering: Addresses physical pain, emotional trauma, and diminished quality of life.
- Property damage: Reimbursement for damages to your vehicle and other personal property.
- Punitive damages: In cases of extreme negligence, punitive damages may be awarded to punish the responsible party and deter similar conduct.
Contact Ernst Law Group for a free consultation
At Ernst Law Group, we understand the catastrophic effects a jackknife accident can have on victims and their families. Our skilled attorneys are dedicated to helping you navigate the complexities of your case, identifying liable parties, and securing the maximum compensation you deserve. From investigating the accident to negotiating with insurance companies and advocating for you in court, we’re here to protect your rights.
Contact us today for a free consultation to discuss your case and explore your options. We’re committed to fighting for the justice and financial recovery you need.
